Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan

Jun Sono; Hajime Ishikawa Sono; Yoshikazu Saito

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13

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Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan

Jun Sono, Hajime Ishikawa Sono, Yoshikazu Saito

Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 1 December 2017 Accepted: 18 December 2017 Published: 2 February 2018

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Abstract

Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) of Japan was estimated after a survey of the number of smoking CS during office hours at outdoor Designated Smoking Area (DSA) of two cities, namely Amagasaki and Nishinomiya. The total number of smoking CS during office hours per day at these city main offices was 547 and 400 respectively. The total SSB of CS of two cities combined per year is estimated as more than US$ 2 million. Approximately, the number of CS all over Japan is 526 times as much as that of two cities combined. Based on this data, total SSB during office hours of CS all over Japan is estimated as more than US$ 1,052 million. The source of this huge amount of SSB for CS is the tax paid by the people and is not acceptable from tax-payers’ point of view. Ban on smoking of CS during office hours is beneficial not only for smoking CS to have the chance to quit or reduce smoking, but also for no smoking colleagues to be free from extra work during the absence of smokers for smoking break and to avoid the risk of the exposure to third-hand smoke from returned smokers. Therefore, ban on smoking of CS during office hours should be welcomed not only by the people, but also by CS regardless of smoking status. This ban could be extended to private work places as a good role model, and protect the health of workers from the risk of active and passive smoking including third-hand smoke. The implementation of this ban may help the better understanding of Japanese people for tobacco de-normalization as the social norm.

Published in	Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13
Page(s)	50-54
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Smoking Ban, Japan, Salary for Smoking Break, Civil Servant, Third-Hand Smoke, De-Normalization, Smoke-Free, WHO FCTC

References

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[2]	M. Assunta and S. Chapman (2008) The lightest Market in the World: Light and Mild Cigarettes in Japan. Nicotine &Tobacco Research 10(5), 803-810.
[3]	D. Hammond, G. Fong, M. Zanna, J. Thrasher, R. Borland (2006) Tobacco denormalization and industry beliefs among smokers from four countries. Am J Prev Med 31(3), 225-32.
[4]	R. Borland, N. Owen, B. Hocking(1991) Changes in smoking behavior after a total workplace smoking ban. Aust J Public Health 15(2), 130-134.
[5]	R. Borland, and N. Owen (1995) Need to smoke in the context of workplace smoking bans. Prev Med 24(1), 56-60.
[6]	R. Borland, M. Cappiello, N. Owen (1997) Leaving work to smoke. Addiction 92(10) 1361-1368.
[7]	O. Onisubi, S. Sinha, E. Rovner, M. Perez-Lugo, N. Jain, K. Demissie, M. Goldman(2004) Efficacy of tobacco dependence treatment in the context of a “smoke-free grounds” worksite policy: a case study. Am J Ind Med 46(2), 180-187.
[8]	C. Chen, S. Huang, C. Yang, K. Tang, D. Yao(2016) Detection of third-hand smoke on clothing Fibers with a surface acoustic wave gas sensor. Biomicrofluids 10(1):011907.
[9]	S. Dhall, R. Alamat, A. Castro, A. Sarker, J. Mao, A. Chan, B. Hang, M. Martin-Green(2016) Tobacco toxins deposited on surface (third hand smoke) impair wound healing. Clin Sci(Lond)130(14), 1269-1284.
[10]	N. Adhami, Y. Chen, M. Martins-Green(2017) Biomarkers of disease can be detected in mice asearlyas 4 weeks after initiation of exposure to third-hand smoke levels equivalent to those found in homes of smokers. Clin Sci(Lond) 131(19), 2409-2426.

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APA Style

Jun Sono, Hajime Ishikawa Sono, Yoshikazu Saito. (2018). Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan. Science Journal of Public Health, 6(2), 50-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13

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ACS Style

Jun Sono; Hajime Ishikawa Sono; Yoshikazu Saito. Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan. Sci. J. Public Health 2018, 6(2), 50-54. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13

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AMA Style

Jun Sono, Hajime Ishikawa Sono, Yoshikazu Saito. Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan. Sci J Public Health. 2018;6(2):50-54. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13

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@article{10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13,
  author = {Jun Sono and Hajime Ishikawa Sono and Yoshikazu Saito},
  title = {Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan},
  journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {50-54},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20180602.13},
  abstract = {Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) of Japan was estimated after a survey of the number of smoking CS during office hours at outdoor Designated Smoking Area (DSA) of two cities, namely Amagasaki and Nishinomiya. The total number of smoking CS during office hours per day at these city main offices was 547 and 400 respectively. The total SSB of CS of two cities combined per year is estimated as more than US$ 2 million. Approximately, the number of CS all over Japan is 526 times as much as that of two cities combined. Based on this data, total SSB during office hours of CS all over Japan is estimated as more than US$ 1,052 million. The source of this huge amount of SSB for CS is the tax paid by the people and is not acceptable from tax-payers’ point of view. Ban on smoking of CS during office hours is beneficial not only for smoking CS to have the chance to quit or reduce smoking, but also for no smoking colleagues to be free from extra work during the absence of smokers for smoking break and to avoid the risk of the exposure to third-hand smoke from returned smokers. Therefore, ban on smoking of CS during office hours should be welcomed not only by the people, but also by CS regardless of smoking status. This ban could be extended to private work places as a good role model, and protect the health of workers from the risk of active and passive smoking including third-hand smoke. The implementation of this ban may help the better understanding of Japanese people for tobacco de-normalization as the social norm.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan
AU  - Jun Sono
AU  - Hajime Ishikawa Sono
AU  - Yoshikazu Saito
Y1  - 2018/02/02
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13
T2  - Science Journal of Public Health
JF  - Science Journal of Public Health
JO  - Science Journal of Public Health
SP  - 50
EP  - 54
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7950
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13
AB  - Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) of Japan was estimated after a survey of the number of smoking CS during office hours at outdoor Designated Smoking Area (DSA) of two cities, namely Amagasaki and Nishinomiya. The total number of smoking CS during office hours per day at these city main offices was 547 and 400 respectively. The total SSB of CS of two cities combined per year is estimated as more than US$ 2 million. Approximately, the number of CS all over Japan is 526 times as much as that of two cities combined. Based on this data, total SSB during office hours of CS all over Japan is estimated as more than US$ 1,052 million. The source of this huge amount of SSB for CS is the tax paid by the people and is not acceptable from tax-payers’ point of view. Ban on smoking of CS during office hours is beneficial not only for smoking CS to have the chance to quit or reduce smoking, but also for no smoking colleagues to be free from extra work during the absence of smokers for smoking break and to avoid the risk of the exposure to third-hand smoke from returned smokers. Therefore, ban on smoking of CS during office hours should be welcomed not only by the people, but also by CS regardless of smoking status. This ban could be extended to private work places as a good role model, and protect the health of workers from the risk of active and passive smoking including third-hand smoke. The implementation of this ban may help the better understanding of Japanese people for tobacco de-normalization as the social norm.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Jun Sono

Tobacco-Free Advocacy Japan, Osaka, Japan
Hajime Ishikawa Sono

Tobacco-Free Advocacy Japan, Osaka, Japan
Yoshikazu Saito

Tobacco-Free Advocacy Japan, Osaka, Japan

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APA Style

Jun Sono, Hajime Ishikawa Sono, Yoshikazu Saito. (2018). Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan. Science Journal of Public Health, 6(2), 50-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13

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ACS Style

Jun Sono; Hajime Ishikawa Sono; Yoshikazu Saito. Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan. Sci. J. Public Health 2018, 6(2), 50-54. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13

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AMA Style

Jun Sono, Hajime Ishikawa Sono, Yoshikazu Saito. Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan. Sci J Public Health. 2018;6(2):50-54. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13

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@article{10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13,
  author = {Jun Sono and Hajime Ishikawa Sono and Yoshikazu Saito},
  title = {Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan},
  journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {50-54},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20180602.13},
  abstract = {Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) of Japan was estimated after a survey of the number of smoking CS during office hours at outdoor Designated Smoking Area (DSA) of two cities, namely Amagasaki and Nishinomiya. The total number of smoking CS during office hours per day at these city main offices was 547 and 400 respectively. The total SSB of CS of two cities combined per year is estimated as more than US$ 2 million. Approximately, the number of CS all over Japan is 526 times as much as that of two cities combined. Based on this data, total SSB during office hours of CS all over Japan is estimated as more than US$ 1,052 million. The source of this huge amount of SSB for CS is the tax paid by the people and is not acceptable from tax-payers’ point of view. Ban on smoking of CS during office hours is beneficial not only for smoking CS to have the chance to quit or reduce smoking, but also for no smoking colleagues to be free from extra work during the absence of smokers for smoking break and to avoid the risk of the exposure to third-hand smoke from returned smokers. Therefore, ban on smoking of CS during office hours should be welcomed not only by the people, but also by CS regardless of smoking status. This ban could be extended to private work places as a good role model, and protect the health of workers from the risk of active and passive smoking including third-hand smoke. The implementation of this ban may help the better understanding of Japanese people for tobacco de-normalization as the social norm.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan
AU  - Jun Sono
AU  - Hajime Ishikawa Sono
AU  - Yoshikazu Saito
Y1  - 2018/02/02
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13
T2  - Science Journal of Public Health
JF  - Science Journal of Public Health
JO  - Science Journal of Public Health
SP  - 50
EP  - 54
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7950
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180602.13
AB  - Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) of Japan was estimated after a survey of the number of smoking CS during office hours at outdoor Designated Smoking Area (DSA) of two cities, namely Amagasaki and Nishinomiya. The total number of smoking CS during office hours per day at these city main offices was 547 and 400 respectively. The total SSB of CS of two cities combined per year is estimated as more than US$ 2 million. Approximately, the number of CS all over Japan is 526 times as much as that of two cities combined. Based on this data, total SSB during office hours of CS all over Japan is estimated as more than US$ 1,052 million. The source of this huge amount of SSB for CS is the tax paid by the people and is not acceptable from tax-payers’ point of view. Ban on smoking of CS during office hours is beneficial not only for smoking CS to have the chance to quit or reduce smoking, but also for no smoking colleagues to be free from extra work during the absence of smokers for smoking break and to avoid the risk of the exposure to third-hand smoke from returned smokers. Therefore, ban on smoking of CS during office hours should be welcomed not only by the people, but also by CS regardless of smoking status. This ban could be extended to private work places as a good role model, and protect the health of workers from the risk of active and passive smoking including third-hand smoke. The implementation of this ban may help the better understanding of Japanese people for tobacco de-normalization as the social norm.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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